WHAT SHOULD BE IDENTIFIED

• The vena cava may be seen in the liver and may vary with respiration.
•  The aorta may be identified as a pulsatile tubular structure behind and medial to the liver . 
• The falciform ligament will be seen as a hyperechogenic structrure just to the right of the midline in the transverse plane .
• It is also important to recognize the caudate lobe, limited posteriorly by the inferior vena cava and separated antero – superiorly from the left lobe of the liver .
• It is limited inferiorly by the proximal left portal vein. The caudate libe must be identified because it may be mistaken for a mass.
• The gallbladder and the right kidney must also be identified. 
• The pancreas and vertebral column should be identified. 
• The echogenicity of the normal liver parenchyma lies midway between that of the pancreas (more echogenic ) and the spleen (less echogenic).